Overview

When a person with a peanut allergy eats peanuts, their body reacts as if the peanuts are trying to cause harm. It fights back by setting off an allergic reaction. A mild reaction may include raised, itchy patches of skin that are red or the same colour as the person's skin. These are called hives. A severe reaction may cause hives all over, swelling in the throat, trouble breathing, nausea or vomiting, or fainting. This is called anaphylaxis (say "ANN-uh-fuh-LAK-suss"). An anaphylactic reaction can be life-threatening and is a medical emergency.

A good way to prevent an allergic reaction is to avoid the foods that cause it. Peanuts might be found in foods such as chili and vegetable oils. An allergy doctor or a dietitian may be able to help you understand which foods might be okay and what to avoid. Learn what to do if you or your child has a reaction.

How can you care for your child at home?

During a mild reaction

• Give your child a non-drowsy antihistamine, such as loratadine (Claritin), as your doctor recommends. Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label.

During a severe reaction

• Give your child an epinephrine shot. Older children can give themselves the shot if they have learned how. Keep it with your child at all times. Make sure it has not expired.
• Call for emergency help. A severe allergic reaction can be life-threatening and is a medical emergency.

To prevent future reactions

• Avoid the foods that cause problems. And try not to use utensils or cookware that may have been in contact with food your child is allergic to.
• Teach your child's teachers and caregivers what to do if your child has a severe reaction to food that your child is allergic to.
• Have your child wear medical alert jewellery that lists all allergies.