Learning About Cervical Cancer Screening
Cervical cancer screening helps prevent cervical cancer. In Alberta, there are currently 2 tests for cervical cancer screening. The Pap test has been used for many years to look for abnormal cells in the cervix. As of November 2025, a new test, the cervical screening test (also called the HPV test), is used to look for high-risk types of HPV that can cause cervical cancer. The cervical screening test is currently done if you are between 50 and 69 years of age.
The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina.
A Pap test checks for changes in the cells on the cervix. The cervical screening test looks for high-risk viruses that can cause cell changes that could lead to cervical cancer. The cervical screening test is more reliable at finding people who are at risk for cervical cancer.
When should you have a screening test?
Depending on your age, your risk of cervical cancer, and your results from previous tests, you may need cervical cancer screening. Here is a general guide for when screening may be recommended.
Younger than 25
- Routine screenings are not recommended.
Ages 25 to 49
- Screening with a Pap test is recommended every 3 years.
Ages 50 to 69
- Screening with the cervical screening test is recommended every 5 years.
- If you have a weakened immune system, screening with the cervical screening test is recommended every 3 years.
Ages 70 and older
- If you have had 3 negative Pap test results in a row in the last 10 years, or your cervical screening test after age 65 was normal, screening is no longer needed.
- If you haven't had regular screenings, continue getting tested until you have 3 negative Pap test results or a normal cervical screening test.
If you had a hysterectomy
- Talk to your healthcare provider. Depending on your health history, you may not need screening.
What do the results mean?
A normal Pap test means that there were no cell changes on your cervix. A negative cervical screening test means that no high-risk HPV viruses were found.
Pap results may show minor changes to the cells on your cervix or cell changes that could turn into cancer. Minor changes may go away on their own. Tests could also show that you have a high-risk type of HPV.
What to do next
Talk to your healthcare provider if you have any questions about your results. Your healthcare provider will go over the next steps and when to do them. You may need more tests or treatment.
Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It's also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take.
Where can you learn more?
Go to https://www.healthwise.net/patientEd
Enter P919 in the search box to learn more about "Learning About Cervical Cancer Screening".
Adaptation Date: 03/25/2026
Adapted By: Alberta Health Services
Adaptation Reviewed By: Alberta Health Services
