What causes anger?

Many things can cause anger: Stress at work or at home. Social situations that make you angry. A response to everyday events.

Anger signals your body to prepare for a fight. This reaction is often called "fight or flight." When you get angry, adrenaline and other hormones are released into your blood. Then your blood pressure goes up, your heart beats faster, and you breathe faster.

When you express anger in a healthy way, it can inspire change and make you productive. But if you don't have the skills to express anger in a healthy way, anger can build up. You may hurt others—and yourself—emotionally and even physically. Violent behaviour often starts with verbal threats or fairly minor incidents. But over time, it can involve physical harm. It can include physical, verbal, or sexual abuse of an intimate partner (domestic violence), a child (child abuse), or an older adult (elder abuse).

It can also make you sick. Anger and constant hostility keep your blood pressure high. They increase your chances of having another health problem, such as depression, a heart attack, or a stroke. Some people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) feel angry and on alert all the time.

It may feel like there are no other ways to react when you are angry. But when you learn to work with anger in appropriate and healthy ways, your anger no longer controls you.

How can you manage your anger?

The first step to managing anger is to be more aware of it. Note the thoughts, feelings, and emotions that you have when you get angry. Practice noticing these signs of anger when you are calm. If you are more aware of the signs of anger, you can take steps to manage it. Here are a few tips:

• Think before you act. Take time to stop and cool down when you feel yourself getting angry. Count to 10 while you take slow, steady breaths. Practice some other form of mental relaxation.
• Learn the feelings that lead to angry outbursts. Anger and hostility may be a symptom of unhappy feelings or depression about your job, your relationship, or other aspects of your personal life.
• Avoid situations that lead to angry outbursts. If standing in line bothers you, do errands at less busy times.
• Express anger in a healthy way. You might:
  • Go for a short walk or jog.
  • Draw, paint, or listen to music to release the anger.
  • Write in a daily journal.
  • Use "I" statements, not "you" statements, to discuss your anger. Say "I don't feel valued when my needs are not being met" instead of "You make me mad when you are so inconsiderate."
• Take care of yourself.
  • Exercise regularly.
  • Eat a variety of healthy foods. Don't skip meals.
  • Try to get 8 hours of sleep each night.
  • Limit your use of alcohol, and don't use drugs.
  • Practice yoga, meditation, or tai chi to relax.
• Explore other resources that may be available through your job or your community.
  • Contact your human resources department at work. You might be able to get services through an employee assistance program.
  • Contact your local hospital, mental health facility, or health unit. Ask what types of programs or support groups are available in your area.
• Do not keep guns in your home. If you must have guns in your home, unload them and lock them up. Lock ammunition in a separate place. Keep guns away from children.

Where can you find help?

If anger or stress starts to harm your work or personal relationships, you might seek help. You can learn ways to manage your feelings and actions.

• Talk to someone you trust, or find a counsellor.
• There are groups in your area that can connect you with people to talk to.
  • Provincial Health Information Line. Check your local phone book or provincial website for the number of the health information line in your area. You can get crisis support or information about resources in your community.
  • Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA). Visit the Find Your Local CMHA web page at https://cmha.ca/find-help/find-cmha-in-your-area to locate community support services in your area.