Uses

This medication is used to treat symptoms of a certain type of mental/mood condition (schizophrenia). Fluphenazine belongs to a class of medications called phenothiazines and is also referred to as a neuroleptic. It works by affecting the balance of natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain.

Some of the benefits of continued use of this medication include reduced episodes of hallucinations, delusions, or bizarre behaviors that occur in patients with schizophrenia.

This medication is not recommended for use in children under 12 years of age. Also, it should not be used to manage behavioral problems in patients with mental retardation.

How To Use

Take with food or milk if stomach upset occurs unless directed otherwise by your doctor.

This medication must be taken as prescribed. Do not stop taking this drug suddenly without consulting your doctor. Some conditions may worsen if the medication is suddenly stopped.

Use this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. Remember to use it at the same time(s) each day. Dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and response to therapy.

It may take up to two weeks for the full benefit of this medication to take effect. Inform your doctor if your condition does not improve or worsens.

Side Effects

Drowsiness, lethargy, dizziness, lightheadedness, nausea, loss of appetite, sweating, dry mouth, blurred vision, headache, and constipation may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, notify your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

Dizziness and lightheadedness can increase the risk of falling. Get up slowly when rising from a sitting or lying position.

Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including:

• feelings of restlessness
• mask-like facial expression
• greatly increased saliva
• tremors
• unusual mental/mood changes (such as depression, worsening of psychosis)
• confusion
• unusual dreams
• frequent urination or difficulty urinating
• vision problems
• weight change
• swelling of the feet/ankles
• fainting
• skin discoloration
• butterfly-shaped facial rash
• joint pain
• seizures

In rare instances, this medication may increase your level of a certain hormone (prolactin). For females, this rare increase in prolactin may result in unwanted breast milk, missing/stopped menstrual periods, or difficulty becoming pregnant. For males, it may result in decreased sexual ability, inability to produce sperm, or enlarged breasts. If you develop any of these symptoms, tell your doctor right away.

Rarely, males may have a painful or prolonged erection lasting 4 or more hours. If this occurs, stop using this drug and get medical help right away, or permanent problems could occur.

Fluphenazine may rarely cause a condition known as tardive dyskinesia. In some cases, this condition may be permanent. Tell your doctor right away if you develop any unusual/uncontrolled movements (especially of the face, mouth, tongue, arms, or legs).

This medication may rarely cause a very serious condition called neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Get medical help right away if you have any of the following symptoms:

• fever
• muscle stiffness/pain/tenderness/weakness
• severe tiredness
• severe confusion
• sweating
• fast/irregular heartbeat
• dark urine
• signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine)

This drug may rarely cause serious blood problems (such as agranulocytosis, leukopenia) or liver problems. Get medical help right away if you notice any of the following rare but very serious side effects:

• signs of infection (such as sore throat that doesn't go away, fever)
• easy bruising/bleeding
• severe stomach/abdominal pain
• yellowing of the eyes/skin

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including:

• rash
• itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat)
• severe dizziness
• trouble breathing

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US -

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

Before taking fluphenazine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to other phenothiazines (such as chlorpromazine, perphenazine); or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of:

• brain damage
• nervous system problems (such as CNS depression, cerebrovascular insufficiency, brain tumors, encephalitis, encephalopathy)
• blood problems (such as leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis)
• liver problems
• breast cancer
• eye problems (such as glaucoma)
• heart problems (such as very high or very low blood pressure, mitral valve insufficiency)
• kidney problems
• certain types of tumors (pheochromocytoma)
• seizures
• exposure to phosphorus insecticides
• chronic breathing problems (such as asthma, emphysema, frequent infections)
• low blood calcium
• enlarged prostate
• drug or alcohol dependency
• Reye's syndrome
• dehydration

Before having surgery or any diagnostic testing, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

This drug may make you dizzy or drowsy or blur your vision. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy or drowsy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness or clear vision until you can do it safely. Avoid alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).

This medication may make you more sensitive to the sun. Limit your time in the sun. Avoid tanning booths and sunlamps. Use sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors. Tell your doctor right away if you get sunburned or have skin blisters/redness.

This medication may make you sweat less, making you more likely to get heat stroke. Avoid doing things that may cause you to overheat, such as hard work or exercise in hot weather, or using hot tubs. When the weather is hot, drink a lot of fluids and dress lightly. If you overheat, quickly look for a place to cool down and rest. Get medical help right away if you have a fever that does not go away, mental/mood changes, headache, or dizziness.

Avoid being exposed to very cold temperatures (such as swimming in cold water). Severe lowering of your body temperature may occur.

Children may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially the side effect of uncontrolled movements. This is especially true if the child is sick (such as has chickenpox, measles, stomach flu).

Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially to facial or muscle twitching, muscle spasms/stiffness, uncontrolled movements (tardive dyskinesia), drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion, and possible effects on blood pressure. Drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, and confusion can increase the risk of falling.

During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Liver problems or birth defects may occur in infants exposed to this type of medication in the womb. Tell the doctor right away if you notice yellowing of the eyes/skin or dark urine in your infant. Babies born to mothers who have used this drug during the last 3 months of pregnancy may rarely develop symptoms including muscle stiffness or shakiness, drowsiness, feeding/breathing difficulties, or constant crying. If you notice any of these symptoms in your newborn especially during their first month, tell the doctor right away.

Since untreated mental/mood problems (such as schizophrenia) can be a serious condition, do not stop taking this medication unless directed by your doctor. If you are planning pregnancy, become pregnant, or think you may be pregnant, immediately discuss with your doctor the benefits and risks of using this medication during pregnancy.

It is unknown if this medication passes into breast milk. However, similar drugs pass into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Drug Interactions

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.

Some products that may interact with this drug are:

• anticholinergics (such as atropine)
• dopamine agonists (such as cabergoline, levodopa, pergolide)
• guanadrel
• guanethidine
• lithium

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products that cause drowsiness such as opioid pain or cough relievers (such as codeine, hydrocodone), alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, lorazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants (such as carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine), or antihistamines (such as cetirizine, diphenhydramine).

Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.

This drug may interfere with certain laboratory tests (pregnancy test, phenylketonuria test, some urine tests). Make sure laboratory personnel and your doctors know you use this drug.

Overdose

If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Alberta residents can call PADIS (Poison and Drug Information Service) 24 hours a day at 1-800-332-1414. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: loss of consciousness, seizures, fast/irregular heartbeat, or slow/shallow breathing.

Notes

Do not share this medication with others.

Lab and/or medical tests (such as liver/kidney function, complete blood counts, eye exams, AIMS test) should be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose and take 1 dose daily: take as soon as remembered unless it is almost time for the next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. If you take more than 1 dose daily: take as soon as possible if it is within an hour or so of the missed dose. If not remembered within an hour, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

If you have questions about missing a dose or you don't have more medication, contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

Storage

Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.